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Following an investigation by the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD), the Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory has detected the presence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in a non-commercial backyard poultry flock from Livingston County. This most recent finding of HPAI emphasizes the ongoing high risk for the disease in Michigan, and poultry owners need to implement every strategy necessary to protect their flocks. HPAI is a highly contagious virus that can be spread in various ways from flock to flock, including by wild birds, through contact with infected poultry, by equipment, and on the clothing and shoes of caretakers. To protect other flocks in Michigan, the premises is currently under quarantine, and the birds have been depopulated to prevent further disease spread. The flock contained approximately 20 birds of multiple species. https://www.michigan.gov/mdard/about/media/pressreleases/2022/04/15/hpai-detected-in-livingston-county

North Dakota Barnes 4/13/2022 Backyard Mixed Species (poultry) 90 https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-2022/2022-hpai-commercial-backyard-flocks

map update https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/2/edit?mid=1E2wqF61M_F0pc9zOvoEs075hbeDW_Lot&ll=45.77735858369518%2C-87.98114908681342&z=11https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/2/edit?mid=1E2wqF61M_F0pc9zOvoEs075hbeDW_Lot&ll=45.77735858369518%2C-87.98114908681342&z=11

Michigan Menominee02 4/13/2022 Backyard Mixed Species (poultry) 284 https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-2022/2022-hpai-commercial-backyard-flocks

Minnesota Otter Tail 4/13/2022 Commercial Turkeys 36,000 https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-2022/2022-hpai-commercial-backyard-flocks

Minnesota Waseca03 4/13/2022 Commercial Turkeys 20,000 https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-2022/2022-hpai-commercial-backyard-flocks

map update https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/2/edit?mid=1E2wqF61M_F0pc9zOvoEs075hbeDW_Lot&ll=43.921214716232846%2C-94.12282856521132&z=12

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Minnesota Meeker03 Commercial Turkey Meat Bird 73,207 4/14/22 https://app.powerbigov.us/view?r=eyJrIjoiY2IwNDQzYjYtZTgwOC00ZjdmLTllM2QtNjUwZjQ2MjcyMzUwIiwidCI6ImViMTRiMDQ2LTI0YzQtNDUxOS04ZjI2LWI4OWMyMTU5ODI4YyJ9&pageName=ReportSection

Minnesota Blue Earth02 Commercial Turkey Meat Bird 23,000 4/14/22 https://app.powerbigov.us/view?r=eyJrIjoiY2IwNDQzYjYtZTgwOC00ZjdmLTllM2QtNjUwZjQ2MjcyMzUwIiwidCI6ImViMTRiMDQ2LTI0YzQtNDUxOS04ZjI2LWI4OWMyMTU5ODI4YyJ9&pageName=ReportSection

Minnesota Blue Earth01 4/13/2022 Commercial Turkeys 22,500 https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-2022/2022-hpai-commercial-backyard-flocks

Minnesota Benton 4/13/2022 Backyard Mixed Species (non-poultry) 7 https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-2022/2022-hpai-commercial-backyard-flocks

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Kansas McPherson 4/13/2022 Commercial Turkey Breeder 6,900 https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-2022/2022-hpai-commercial-backyard-flocks

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South Dakota Commercial Upland Game Producer Duel01 1,300 4/13/22 South Dakota Deuel01 4/13/2022 Commercial Upland Game Producer 1,300 https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-2022/2022-hpai-commercial-backyard-flocks

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USDA Confirms Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Idaho Published: Apr 15, 2022 Print Contacts: [email protected] WASHINGTON, April 15, 2022 – The United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has confirmed the presence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in two flocks in Idaho – a non-commercial, backyard flock (non-poultry) in Caribou County and a non-commercial, backyard flock (poultry) in Gooding County. Samples from the flocks were tested at the Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, part of the National Animal Health Laboratory Network, and confirmed at the APHIS National Veterinary Services Laboratories in Ames, Iowa. APHIS is working closely with state animal health officials in Idaho on a joint incident response. State officials quarantined the affected premises, and birds on the properties will be depopulated to prevent the spread of the disease. Birds from the flocks will not enter the food system. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the recent HPAI detections do not present an immediate public health concern. No human cases of these avian influenza viruses have been detected in the United States. As a reminder, the proper handling and cooking of all poultry and eggs to an internal temperature of 165 ˚F is recommended as a general food safety precaution. As part of existing avian influenza response plans, Federal and State partners are working jointly on additional surveillance and testing in areas around the affected flocks. The United States has the strongest AI surveillance program in the world, and USDA is working with its partners to actively look for the disease in commercial poultry operations, live bird markets and in migratory wild bird populations. Anyone involved with poultry production from the small backyard to the large commercial producer should review their biosecurity activities to assure the health of their birds. APHIS has materials about biosecurity, including videos, checklists, and a toolkit available at: https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/defend-the-flock-program/dtf-resources/dtf-resources. USDA will report these findings to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) as well as international trading partners. USDA also continues to communicate with trading partners to encourage adherence to OIE standards and minimize trade impacts. OIE trade guidelines call on countries to base trade restrictions on sound science and, whenever possible, limit restrictions to those animals and animal products within a defined region that pose a risk of spreading disease of concern. OIE trade guidelines also call on member countries to not impose bans on the international trade of poultry commodities in response to notifications in non-poultry. APHIS will continue to announce the first case of HPAI in commercial and backyard flocks detected in a State but will not announce subsequent detections in the State. All cases in commercial and backyard flocks will be listed on the APHIS website at https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/2022-hpai. In addition to practicing good biosecurity, all bird owners should prevent contact between their birds and wild birds and report sick birds or unusual bird deaths to State/Federal officials, either through their state veterinarian or through APHIS’ toll-free number at 1-866-536-7593. APHIS urges producers to consider bringing birds indoors when possible to further prevent exposures. The Animal Health Protection Act authorizes APHIS to provide indemnity payments to producers for birds and eggs that must be depopulated during a disease response. APHIS also provides compensation for disposal activities and virus elimination activities. Additional information on biosecurity for backyard flocks can be found at http://healthybirds.aphis.usda.gov. Additional background Avian influenza (AI) is caused by an influenza type A virus which can infect poultry (such as chickens, turkeys, pheasants, quail, domestic ducks, geese, and guinea fowl) and is carried by free flying waterfowl such as ducks, geese and shorebirds. AI viruses are classified by a combination of two groups of proteins: hemagglutinin or “H” proteins, of which there are 16 (H1–H16), and neuraminidase or “N” proteins, of which there are 9 (N1–N9). Many different combinations of “H” and “N” proteins are possible. Each combination is considered a different subtype and can be further broken down into different strains which circulate within flyways/geographic regions. AI viruses are further classified by their pathogenicity (low or high)—the ability of a particular virus strain to produce disease in domestic poultry.

USDA Confirms Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Idaho Published: Apr 15, 2022 Print Contacts: [email protected] WASHINGTON, April 15, 2022 – The United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has confirmed the presence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in two flocks in Idaho – a non-commercial, backyard flock (non-poultry) in Caribou County and a non-commercial, backyard flock (poultry) in Gooding County. Samples from the flocks were tested at the Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, part of the National Animal Health Laboratory Network, and confirmed at the APHIS National Veterinary Services Laboratories in Ames, Iowa. APHIS is working closely with state animal health officials in Idaho on a joint incident response. State officials quarantined the affected premises, and birds on the properties will be depopulated to prevent the spread of the disease. Birds from the flocks will not enter the food system. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the recent HPAI detections do not present an immediate public health concern. No human cases of these avian influenza viruses have been detected in the United States. As a reminder, the proper handling and cooking of all poultry and eggs to an internal temperature of 165 ˚F is recommended as a general food safety precaution. As part of existing avian influenza response plans, Federal and State partners are working jointly on additional surveillance and testing in areas around the affected flocks. The United States has the strongest AI surveillance program in the world, and USDA is working with its partners to actively look for the disease in commercial poultry operations, live bird markets and in migratory wild bird populations. Anyone involved with poultry production from the small backyard to the large commercial producer should review their biosecurity activities to assure the health of their birds. APHIS has materials about biosecurity, including videos, checklists, and a toolkit available at: https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/defend-the-flock-program/dtf-resources/dtf-resources. USDA will report these findings to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) as well as international trading partners. USDA also continues to communicate with trading partners to encourage adherence to OIE standards and minimize trade impacts. OIE trade guidelines call on countries to base trade restrictions on sound science and, whenever possible, limit restrictions to those animals and animal products within a defined region that pose a risk of spreading disease of concern. OIE trade guidelines also call on member countries to not impose bans on the international trade of poultry commodities in response to notifications in non-poultry. APHIS will continue to announce the first case of HPAI in commercial and backyard flocks detected in a State but will not announce subsequent detections in the State. All cases in commercial and backyard flocks will be listed on the APHIS website at https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/avian/avian-influenza/2022-hpai. In addition to practicing good biosecurity, all bird owners should prevent contact between their birds and wild birds and report sick birds or unusual bird deaths to State/Federal officials, either through their state veterinarian or through APHIS’ toll-free number at 1-866-536-7593. APHIS urges producers to consider bringing birds indoors when possible to further prevent exposures. The Animal Health Protection Act authorizes APHIS to provide indemnity payments to producers for birds and eggs that must be depopulated during a disease response. APHIS also provides compensation for disposal activities and virus elimination activities. Additional information on biosecurity for backyard flocks can be found at http://healthybirds.aphis.usda.gov. Additional background Avian influenza (AI) is caused by an influenza type A virus which can infect poultry (such as chickens, turkeys, pheasants, quail, domestic ducks, geese, and guinea fowl) and is carried by free flying waterfowl such as ducks, geese and shorebirds. AI viruses are classified by a combination of two groups of proteins: hemagglutinin or “H” proteins, of which there are 16 (H1–H16), and neuraminidase or “N” proteins, of which there are 9 (N1–N9). Many different combinations of “H” and “N” proteins are possible. Each combination is considered a different subtype and can be further broken down into different strains which circulate within flyways/geographic regions. AI viruses are further classified by their pathogenicity (low or high)—the ability of a particular virus strain to produce disease in domestic poultry.

The United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has confirmed the presence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in two flocks in Idaho – a non-commercial, backyard flock (non-poultry) in Caribou County and a non-commercial, backyard flock (poultry) in Gooding County. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/newsroom/stakeholder-info/sa_by_date/sa-2022/hpai-id

The United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has confirmed the presence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in two flocks in Idaho – a non-commercial, backyard flock (non-poultry) in Caribou County and a non-commercial, backyard flock (poultry) in Gooding County. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/newsroom/stakeholder-info/sa_by_date/sa-2022/hpai-id

map update https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/2/edit?mid=1E2wqF61M_F0pc9zOvoEs075hbeDW_Lot&ll=45.23666304540443%2C-74.50609961559964&z=14

map update https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/2/edit?mid=1E2wqF61M_F0pc9zOvoEs075hbeDW_Lot&ll=44.14255042745945%2C-79.39097043257141&z=12

April 14, 2022 – Township of South Glengarry (poultry flock) April 14, 2022 – City of Markham (poultry flock) April 12, 2022 – City of Markham (poultry flock) April 12, 2022 – Township of South Glengarry (poultry flock) April 10, 2022 – Township of South Glengarry (poultry flock) April 9, 2022 – Township of West Grey (poultry flock) April 6, 2022 – City of Markham (poultry flock) April 6, 2022 – Municipality of Chatham-Kent (poultry flock) April 5, 2022 – Prince Edward County (small flock) April 5, 2022 – City of Markham (poultry flock) April 4, 2022 – Township of Centre Wellington (poultry flock) April 2, 2022 – Township of Selwyn (small flock) March 31, 2022 – Township of Chippewas of Nawash Unceded First Nation (small flock) March 30, 2022 – Township of Woolwich (poultry flock) March 28, 2022 – Township of Zorra (poultry flock) March 27, 2022 – Township of Guelph/Eramosa (poultry flock) Each infected premise has been placed under quarantine. CFIA has established movement control measures and is recommending enhanced biosecurity for other farms within that area. On Thursday, March 31, 2022, the CFIA established Primary Control Zones (PCZ), in the areas where the disease has been identified. The PCZ have been established to prevent the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza: Map: Avian influenza zones