Fujian H5 In Mallard In Morrow County Oregon

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APHIS has reported the detection Fujian H5 in a hunter harvested mallard in Morrow County, Oregon.

 

http://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAAPHIS/bulletins/128fbc7

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USDA Continues to Prepare for Any Possible Findings of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service sent this bulletin at 12/04/2015 02:15 PM EST

USDA Continues to Prepare for Any Possible Findings of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

 

Washington, December 4, 2015 – The United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) continues to prepare for any potential findings of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). An outbreak of HPAI during spring and summer 2015 was the largest animal health emergency in the country’s history. APHIS and its partners worked throughout the fall to put plans in place to address the disease should it reappear.

 

The United States has the strongest AI surveillance program in the world, and USDA is working with its partners to actively look for the disease in commercial poultry operations, live bird markets and in migratory wild bird populations. As part of the wild bird surveillance effort, APHIS and its wildlife agency partners will be sampling more than 40,000 wild birds between July 1, 2015 and July 1, 2016 – with more than 24,000 samples already tested. Samples are being collected from both hunter-harvested birds and from wild bird mortalities.

 

 

As part of these surveillance efforts, Eurasian H5 avian influenza was recently found in genetic material collected from a wild duck, but testing was unable to determine the exact strain of the viruses or whether they were high pathogenic or low pathogenic.  This recent finding of Eurasian H5 was in a wild, hunter-harvested mallard duck in Morrow County, Oregon in November. No HPAI has been identified in any commercial or backyard poultry since June 17, 2015.

 

 

On November 18, USDA reported to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) that all cases of HPAI in commercial poultry have been resolved and that the US is again free of HPAI.

 

Producers and the industry are working to enhance their biosecurity on farms to help provide even better protection against the virus should a reappearance of HPAI occur. Anyone involved with poultry production from the small backyard to the large commercial producer should review their biosecurity activities to assure the health of their birds. To facilitate such a review, a biosecurity self-assessment and educational materials can be found at http://www.uspoultry.org/animal_husbandry/intro.cfm

 

In addition to practicing good biosecurity, all bird owners should prevent contact between their birds and wild birds and report sick birds or unusual bird deaths to State/Federal officials, either through their state veterinarian or through USDA’s toll-free number at 1-866-536-7593. Additional information on biosecurity for backyard flocks can be found at http://healthybirds.aphis.usda.gov.

 

Additional background

Avian influenza (AI) is caused by an influenza type A virus which can infect poultry (such as chickens, turkeys, pheasants, quail, domestic ducks, geese and guinea fowl) and is carried by free flying waterfowl such as ducks, geese and shorebirds. AI viruses are classified by a combination of two groups of proteins: hemagglutinin or “H” proteins, of which there are 16 (H1–H16), and neuraminidase or “N” proteins, of which there are 9 (N1–N9). Many different combinations of “H” and “N” proteins are possible. Each combination is considered a different subtype, and can be further broken down into different strains. AI viruses are further classified by their pathogenicity (low or high)—the ability of a particular virus strain to produce disease in domestic chickens.

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USA: H5 avian influenza has been found in a wild mallard duck, Oregon

4 December, 2015

Eurasian H5 avian influenza was recently found in genetic material collected from a wild duck, but testing was unable to determine the exact strain of the viruses or whether they were high pathogenic or low pathogenic.  This recent finding of Eurasian H5 was in a wild, hunter-harvested mallard duck in Morrow County, Oregon in November.
No HPAI has been identified in any commercial or backyard poultry since June 17, 2015.

 

http://www.poultrymed.com/Poultrymed/Templates/showpage.asp?DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=178&FID=1825&PID=0&IID=27165

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69 01-03-2015 Wood Duck Morrow OR EA/AM H5N2 02-02-2015 Oregon DFW H

70 01-03-2015 Wood Duck Morrow OR EA/AM H5N2 02-02-2015 Oregon DFW H

71 01-03-2015 Wood Duck Morrow OR EA/AM H5N2 02-02-2015 Oregon DFW H

72 01-03-2015 Northern Shoveler Morrow OR EA/AM H5N2 02-02-2015 Oregon DFW H

73 01-03-2015 Northern Shoveler Morrow OR EA/AM H5N2 02-02-2015 Oregon DFW H

74 01-03-2015 Northern Shoveler Morrow OR EA/AM H5N2 02-02-2015 Oregon DFW H 

 

https://www.aphis.usda.gov/wildlife_damage/downloads/DEC 2014 - JUNE 2015 WILD BIRD POSITIVE HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA CASES IN THE UNITED STATES.pdf

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In some cases, positive frequencies were significantly higher (6 positives at Umatilla Refuge in Morrow County, Oregon where fewer than 100 birds were tested).  

http://www.recombinomics.com/News/04061501/H5N2_Fujian_KS_Goose.html

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Updated 2015/2016 H5 map https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=zv94AJqgUct4.k93lPlTHnH0k&usp=sharing

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APHIS December 4 update confirms high path clade 2.3.4.4 H5 in mallard in Morrow County, Oregon.

 

https://www.aphis.usda.gov/wildlife_damage/downloads/JULY 2015 - JUNE 2016 WILD BIRD POSITIVE HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA CASES IN THE UNITED STATES.pdf

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July 2015 – June 2016 Total birds sampled by flyway

Last Updated: 12/4/2015

Total birds sampled: 25,401

 Total HPAI positive cases (HA gene sequence confirmed): 0

icA molecular detection d only (HA gene sequence unsuccessful/no virus isolated) cases: 2

Pacific: 6,272 

Atlantic: 6,228

Mississippi: 7,988  

Central: 4,889

American Oceania f : 24

WILD BIRD HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA CASES IN THE UNITED STATES a LINE COLLECTION DATE SPECIES COUNTY STATE SUBTYPE b CONFIRMATION DATE COLLECTING AGENCY COLLECTION STRATEGY c

1 07-31-2015 Mallard Davis UT EA H5 d 08-21-2015 Utah DWR L

2 11-07-2015 e Mallard Morrow OR EA H5 d 11-18-015 Oregon DFW H

a Avian H5 influenza (H5N8) originating from Eurasia (EA) spread rapidly along wild bird migratory pathways during 2014. Introduction of this virus into the Pacific Flyway sometime during 2014 has allowed mixing with North American (AM) origin viruses and generated new (novel) combinations with genes from both EA and AM origin (or “reassortant” viruses). These findings are not unexpected as the EA-H5 viruses continue to circulate in the flyways. This group of EA-H5 viruses is highly pathogenic in poultry. The ‘novel EA/AM H5N1’ is different from the ‘Asian HPAI H5N1’ and is a mixture of Eurasian and low pathogenic North American origin viruses. b EA = Eurasian; AM=North American; the EA-H5 (2.3.4.4) are highly pathogenic to poultry

c M = morbidity/mortality; H = hunter harvest ; L = live bird released; A = agency harvested

d Sequencing was unsuccessful and no virus was isolated; RNA was detected by 3 assays targeting 2 different genes including the H5 (icA) molecular assay which is specific for the Eurasian H5 clade 2.3.4.4 viruses first detected in the US in December 2014.

e Cases posted in most recent update.

f American Oceania flyway consists of Hawaii, Guam, Marshall Islands, and American Samoa.

For past updates, please refer to DEC 2014 - JUNE 2015 WILD BIRD HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA CASES IN THE UNITED STATES.

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Don Jenkins

Capital Press

Published:December 7, 2015 9:59AM

 

The USDA reports that a wild duck tested in Eastern Oregon last month had bird flu, but the strain and strength of the virus are unknown.

 

 

A wild duck harvested last month in Morrow County in Eastern Oregon had Eurasian bird flu, but tests were unable to determine whether the strain was a danger to poultry, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

A sample from the hunter-shot mallard was collected Nov. 7 by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife.

ODFW state veterinarian Colin Gillin said Friday that preliminary test results caused concern.

The duck would have been the first confirmed case of highly pathogenic bird flu in the U.S. since July. The USDA declared Nov. 18 to the World Organization for Animal Health that the U.S. was free of bird flu, which had prompted trade bans on U.S. poultry products.

The Morrow County duck had Eurasian H5 bird flu, but tests to further define the type and pinpoint the strength of the virus were inconclusive, according to USDA.

“The testing was unable to determine the exact strain of the viruses or whether they were high pathogenic or low pathogenic,” the USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service announced Friday.

There are dozens of bird flu strains. The strains that killed millions of birds last winter and spring were H5N8, a highly pathogenic Eurasian virus, and H5N2, a highly pathogenic mix of Eurasian and North American strains. Migratory waterfowl carry the virus and spread the disease to poultry flocks.

Highly pathogenic bird flu struck poultry farms in British Columbia, Canada, in early December 2014.

The virus was then detected in a wild duck across the border in Washington in mid-December, the first U.S. case of highly pathogenic bird flu in a decade.

The virus eventually spread to 15 states and claimed 48 million birds, the largest animal health emergency in U.S. history, according to USDA.

To be on-guard for bird flu’s return, federal and state agencies have tested more than 24,000 wild birds in the U.S. since July 1.

The only bird to test positive for highly pathogenic bird flu was a mallard duck collected in Utah on July 31.

The virus was apparently fairly common in Morrow County last year. ODFW collected samples from fewer than 100 wild birds at the Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge on one day in January and six tested positive for highly pathogenic bird flu.

The last case in a U.S. poultry flock was confirmed June 17.

http://www.capitalpress.com/Oregon/20151207/bird-flu-tests-inconclusive-on-oregon-duck

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Dec 8, 1:30 PM EST   OREGON DUCK POSITIVE FOR BIRD FLU; STRAIN OF VIRUS

SALEM, Ore. (AP) -- A wild duck found last month in Morrow County has tested positive for Eurasian bird flu, but the U.S. Department of Agriculture was not able to determine whether the strain was a danger to poultry. The Capital Press reports (http://is.gd/IatSzh ) that Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife State Veterinarian Colin Gillin said Friday that the preliminary tests from the hunter-shot mallard collected Nov. 7 caused concern. The duck would have been the first confirmed case of highly pathogenic bird flu in the country since July. The USDA declared the U.S. was free of bird flu on Nov. 18. There are dozens of bird flu strains. The strains that killed millions of birds last winter and spring were H5N8, a Eurasian virus, and H5N2, a mix of Eurasian and North American strains. --- Information from: Capital Press, http://www.capitalpress.com/washington http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/O/OR_BIRD_FLU_OROL-?SITE=AP&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT&CTIME=2015-12-08-13-30-28