niman Posted August 28, 2016 Report Posted August 28, 2016 (edited) The United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has confirmed the presence of highly pathogenic H5N2 avian influenza (HPAI) in a wild mallard duck from a state wildlife refuge near Fairbanks, Alaska. Edited August 28, 2016 by niman
niman Posted August 28, 2016 Author Report Posted August 28, 2016 (edited) NOTICE: USDA Confirms Highly Pathogenic H5N2 Avian Influenza in a Wild Mallard Duck in Alaska USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service sent this bulletin at 08/26/2016 01:05 PM EDT The United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has confirmed the presence of highly pathogenic H5N2 avian influenza (HPAI) in a wild mallard duck from a state wildlife refuge near Fairbanks, Alaska. CDC considers the risk to the general public from these HPAI H5 infections to be low. No human infections with Eurasian H5 viruses have occurred in the United States. As a reminder, the proper handling and cooking of poultry and eggs to an internal temperature of 165˚F kills bacteria and viruses, including HPAI. H5N2 HPAI has NOT been found in the U.S. – in either wild or commercial birds – since June 2015. However, anyone involved with poultry production from the small backyard to the large commercial producer should review their biosecurity activities to assure the health of their birds. To facilitate such a review, a biosecurity self-assessment and educational materials can be found at http://www.uspoultry.org/animal_husbandry/intro.cfm. The United States has the strongest AI surveillance program in the world, and USDA is working with its partners to actively look for the disease in commercial poultry operations, live bird markets and in migratory wild bird populations. The wild mallard duck was captured and a sample tested as part of ongoing wild bird surveillance. Since July 1, 2016, USDA and its partners have tested approximately 4,000 samples, with a goal to collect approximately 30,000 samples before July 1, 2017. Approximately 45,500 samples were tested during wild bird surveillance from July 1, 2015-June 30, 2016. Since wild birds can be infected with these viruses without appearing sick, people should minimize direct contact with wild birds by using gloves. If contact occurs, wash your hands with soap and water and change clothing before having any contact with healthy domestic poultry and birds. Hunters should dress game birds in the field whenever possible and practice good biosecurity to prevent any potential disease spread. Biosecurity information is available at:https://www.aphis.usda.gov/publications/animal_health/2015/fsc_hpai_hunters.pdf. In addition to practicing good biosecurity, all bird owners should prevent contact between their birds and wild birds and report sick birds or unusual bird deaths to State/Federal officials, either through their state veterinarian or through USDA’s toll-free number at 1-866-536-7593. Additional information on biosecurity for backyard flocks can be found at http://healthybirds.aphis.usda.gov. Additional background Avian influenza (AI) is caused by an influenza type A virus which can infect poultry (such as chickens, turkeys, pheasants, quail, domestic ducks, geese and guinea fowl) and is carried by free flying waterfowl such as ducks, geese and shorebirds. AI viruses are classified by a combination of two groups of proteins: hemagglutinin or “H” proteins, of which there are 16 (H1–H16), and neuraminidase or “N” proteins, of which there are 9 (N1–N9). Many different combinations of “H” and “N” proteins are possible. Each combination is considered a different subtype, and can be further broken down into different strains. AI viruses are further classified by their pathogenicity (low or high)—the ability of a particular virus strain to produce disease in domestic chickens. https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAAPHIS/bulletins/15fbc68 Edited August 28, 2016 by niman
niman Posted November 11, 2016 Author Report Posted November 11, 2016 LOCUS KX838899 1744 bp cRNA linear VRL 08-OCT-2016 DEFINITION Influenza A virus (A/mallard/Alaska/AH0088535/2016(H5N2)) segment 4 hemagglutinin (HA) gene, complete cds. ACCESSION KX838899 VERSION KX838899.1 KEYWORDS . SOURCE Influenza A virus (A/mallard/Alaska/AH0088535/2016(H5N2)) ORGANISM Influenza A virus (A/mallard/Alaska/AH0088535/2016(H5N2)) Viruses; ssRNA viruses; ssRNA negative-strand viruses; Orthomyxoviridae; Influenzavirus A. REFERENCE 1 (bases 1 to 1744) AUTHORS Killian,M.L. TITLE Direct Submission JOURNAL Submitted (12-SEP-2016) Diagnostic Virology Laboratory, National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL), USDA APHIS VS, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA COMMENT GenBank Accession Numbers KX838896-KX838903 represent sequences from the 8 segments of Influenza A virus (A/mallard/Alaska/AH0088535/2016(H5N2)). ##Assembly-Data-START## Assembly Method :: SeqMan NGen v. 12 Sequencing Technology :: IonTorrent ##Assembly-Data-END## FEATURES Location/Qualifiers source 1..1744 /organism="Influenza A virus (A/mallard/Alaska/AH0088535/2016(H5N2))" /mol_type="viral cRNA" /strain="A/mallard/Alaska/AH0088535/2016" /serotype="H5N2" /isolation_source="oropharyngeal/cloacal swab pool from individual bird" /host="mallard; live bird surveillance" /db_xref="taxon:1899328" /segment="4" /country="USA: Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough" /collection_date="12-Aug-2016" /collected_by="Alaska Department of Fish and Game" /note="NVSL 16-027072 original swab; Eurasian origin (EA-H5 clade 2.3.4.4)-North American reassortant" gene 17..1720 /gene="HA" CDS 17..1720 /gene="HA" /function="receptor binding and fusion protein" /codon_start=1 /product="hemagglutinin" /protein_id="AOT22442.1" /translation="MEKIVLLFAVISLVKSDQICIGYHANNSTKQVDTIMEKNVTVTH AQDILEKTHNGKLCDLNGVKPLILKDCSVAGWLLGNPMCDEFIRVPEWSYIVERANPA NDLCYPGTLNDYEELKHLLSRINHFEKTLIIPRSSWPNHETSLGVSAACPYQGASAFF RNVVWLIKKNDAYPTIKISYNNTNREDLLILWGIHHSNNAAEQTNLYKNPDTYVSVGT STLNQRLVPKIATRSQVNGQSGRMDFFWTILKPNDAIHFESNGNFIAPEYAYKIVKKG DSTIMKSEMEYGHCNTKCQTPIGAINSSMPFHNIHPLTIGECPKYVKSNKLVLATGLR NSPLRERRRKRGLFGAIAGFIEGGWQGMVDGWYGYHHSNEQGSGYAADKESTQKAIDG VTNKVNSIIDKMNTQFEAVGREFNNLERRIENLNKKMEDGFLDVWTYNAELLVLMENE RTLDFHDSNVRNLYDKARLQLRDNAKELGNGCFEFYHKCDNECMESVRNGTYDYPKYS EEAILKREEISGVKLESIGTYQILSIYSTVASSLALAIIVAGLSLWMCSNGSLQCRIC I" sig_peptide 17..64 /gene="HA" mat_peptide 65..1051 /gene="HA" /product="HA1" mat_peptide 1052..1717 /gene="HA" /product="HA2" ORIGIN 1 ggttcaatct gtcaaaatgg agaaaatagt gcttcttttt gcagtgatta gccttgtcaa 61 aagcgaccag atttgcattg gttaccatgc aaacaactca acaaagcagg ttgacacgat 121 aatggagaaa aacgtcactg ttacacatgc ccaagacata ctggaaaaga cacacaacgg 181 gaagctctgc gatcttaatg gagtgaagcc cctgattcta aaggattgta gcgtagctgg 241 gtggctcctt ggaaatccaa tgtgcgacga gttcatcagg gtaccggaat ggtcttacat 301 cgtggagagg gctaacccag ccaacgatct ctgttaccca gggaccctca atgactatga 361 ggaactgaaa cacctattga gcagaataaa tcattttgag aaaactctga tcatccccag 421 gagttcttgg cccaatcatg aaacatcatt aggggtgagc gcagcatgtc cataccaggg 481 agcatccgca tttttcagaa atgtggtatg gctcatcaaa aagaacgatg catacccgac 541 aataaagata agctacaata ataccaatcg ggaagatctt ttgatactgt gggggattca 601 tcattccaac aatgcagcag agcagacaaa tctctataaa aacccagaca cttatgtttc 661 cgttgggaca tcaacattaa accagagatt ggtgccaaaa atagctacta gatcccaagt 721 aaacgggcag agtggaagaa tggatttctt ctggacaatt ttaaaaccga atgatgcaat 781 ccactttgag agtaatggaa atttcattgc tccagaatat gcatacaaaa ttgtcaagaa 841 aggggactca acaattatga aaagtgaaat ggagtatggc cactgcaaca ccaaatgtca 901 aactccaata ggggcgataa actctagcat gccattccac aatatacacc ctctcaccat 961 aggggaatgc cccaaatacg tgaagtcaaa caaattagtc cttgcgactg ggctcagaaa 1021 tagtcctcta agagaaagaa gaagaaaaag aggactattt ggagctatag cagggtttat 1081 agagggagga tggcagggaa tggtagacgg ttggtatggg tatcatcata gcaatgagca 1141 ggggagtggg tacgctgcag acaaagaatc aacccaaaag gcaatagatg gagttaccaa 1201 taaggtcaac tcaatcattg acaaaatgaa cactcaattt gaggccgttg gaagggagtt 1261 taataactta gaaaggagaa tagagaattt aaacaagaaa atggaagacg gattcctaga 1321 tgtctggact tataatgctg aacttttagt tctcatggaa aatgagagaa ctctagattt 1381 ccatgactca aatgtcagaa acctttacga caaagcccga ctacagctta gggataatgc 1441 aaaggagctg ggtaatggtt gtttcgagtt ctatcacaaa tgtgataacg aatgtatgga 1501 gagcgtaaga aatgggacgt atgactaccc taagtattca gaagaagcaa tattaaaaag 1561 agaagaaata agcggagtga aattagaatc aataggaact taccagatac tgtcaattta 1621 ttcaacagtg gcgagttccc tagcactggc aatcatagtg gctggtctat ctttatggat 1681 gtgctctaat gggtcgttac aatgcagaat ttgcatctaa atttgtgagc tcagattgta 1741 atta
Recommended Posts
Please sign in to comment
You will be able to leave a comment after signing in
Sign In Now