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SARS-CoV2 BA.2.86 Derivative Sequences Map

Zika In Non-Human Primate Callithrix jacchus In NE Brazil

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niman Grand Master

niman

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LOCUS       KX162586                  93 bp    cRNA    linear   VRL 31-AUG-2016
DEFINITION  Zika virus isolate bruspCE63_15 polyprotein gene, partial cds.
ACCESSION   KX162586
VERSION     KX162586.1  GI:1024848171
KEYWORDS    .
SOURCE      Zika virus
  ORGANISM  Zika virus
            Viruses; ssRNA viruses; ssRNA positive-strand viruses, no DNA
            stage; Flaviviridae; Flavivirus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 93)
  AUTHORS   Favoretto,S., Araujo,D., Oliveira,D., Duarte,N., Mesquita,F.,
            Zanotto,P. and Durigon,E.
  TITLE     First detection of Zika virus in neotropical primates in Brazil: a
            possible new reservoir
  JOURNAL   Unpublished
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 93)
  AUTHORS   Oliveira,D., Favoretto,S., Araujo,D., Mesquita,F. and Durigon,E.
  TITLE     Direct Submission
  JOURNAL   Submitted (29-APR-2016) Microbiology - Institute of Biomedical
            Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, Sao
            Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508900, Brazil
COMMENT     ##Assembly-Data-START##
            Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing
            ##Assembly-Data-END##
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..93
                     /organism="Zika virus"
                     /mol_type="viral cRNA"
                     /isolate="bruspCE63_15"
                     /host="Callithrix jacchus"
                     /db_xref="taxon:64320"
                     /country="Brazil"
                     /collection_date="24-Nov-2015"
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niman

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LOCUS       KX162586                  93 bp    cRNA    linear   VRL 31-AUG-2016
DEFINITION  Zika virus isolate bruspCE63_15 polyprotein gene, partial cds.
ACCESSION   KX162586
VERSION     KX162586.1  GI:1024848171
KEYWORDS    .
SOURCE      Zika virus
  ORGANISM  Zika virus
            Viruses; ssRNA viruses; ssRNA positive-strand viruses, no DNA
            stage; Flaviviridae; Flavivirus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 93)
  AUTHORS   Favoretto,S., Araujo,D., Oliveira,D., Duarte,N., Mesquita,F.,
            Zanotto,P. and Durigon,E.
  TITLE     First detection of Zika virus in neotropical primates in Brazil: a
            possible new reservoir
  JOURNAL   Unpublished
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 93)
  AUTHORS   Oliveira,D., Favoretto,S., Araujo,D., Mesquita,F. and Durigon,E.
  TITLE     Direct Submission
  JOURNAL   Submitted (29-APR-2016) Microbiology - Institute of Biomedical
            Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, Sao
            Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508900, Brazil
COMMENT     ##Assembly-Data-START##
            Sequencing Technology :: Sanger dideoxy sequencing
            ##Assembly-Data-END##
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..93
                     /organism="Zika virus"
                     /mol_type="viral cRNA"
                     /isolate="bruspCE63_15"
                     /host="Callithrix jacchus"
                     /db_xref="taxon:64320"
                     /country="Brazil"
                     /collection_date="24-Nov-2015"
     CDS             <1..>93
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="polyprotein"
                     /protein_id="ANC28274.1"
                     /db_xref="GI:1024848172"
                     /translation="LVMILLIAPAYSIRCIGVSNRDFVEGMSGGT"
ORIGIN      
        1 ttggtcatga tactgctgat tgccccggca tacagcatca ggtgcatagg agtcagcaat
       61 agggactttg tggaaggtat gtcaggtggg act
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Sequences producing significant alignments:

Select:AllNone Selected:0

Sequences producing significant alignments:
Select for downloading or viewing reports Description Max score Total score Query cover E value Ident Accession
Zika virus isolate bruspCE63_15 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX162586.1
Zika virus isolate bruspCE08_15 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX162585.1
Zika virus strain H/PF/2013, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KJ776791.2
Zika virus isolate FLR polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU820897.5
Zika virus isolate R116265, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX766029.1
Zika virus isolate R114916, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX766028.1
Zika virus strain Zika virus/Homo sapiens/VEN/UF-1/2016, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX702400.1
Zika virus strain ZIKV/Homo sapiens/HND/R103451/2015, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX694534.1
Zika virus isolate PHE_semen_Guadeloupe, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX673530.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0080_PF polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447521.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0016_PF polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447520.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0199_PF polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447519.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0117_PF polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447518.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0038_PF polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447517.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0111_PF polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447516.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0030_PF polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447515.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0035_PF polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447514.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0134_PF polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447513.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0181_PF polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447512.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0015_PF polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447511.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0049_PF polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447510.1
Zika virus isolate 1_0087_PF polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX447509.1
Zika virus isolate ZIKV_SMGC-1, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX266255.1
Zika virus strain ZIKV/Homo Sapiens/PRI/PRVABC59/2015, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX601168.1
Zika virus vector pZIKV-ICD, complete sequence
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX576684.1
Zika virus isolate ZIKV/COL/FCC00093/2015 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX548902.1
Zika virus isolate HS-2015-BA-01 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX520666.1
Zika virus strain PF13/251013-18, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX369547.1
Zika virus strain PRVABC-59, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX377337.1
Zika virus isolate Zika virus/SZ01/2016/China polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU866423.2
Zika virus isolate 17271 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU758877.1
Zika virus isolate 21068 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU758876.1
Zika virus isolate 15042 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU758875.1
Zika virus isolate 20114 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU758874.1
Zika virus isolate 18246 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU758873.1
Zika virus isolate 01170 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU758872.1
Zika virus isolate 17170 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU758871.1
Zika virus isolate 17160 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU758870.1
Zika virus isolate 05211 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU758869.1
Zika virus isolate 27229 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU758868.1
Zika virus isolate Paraiba_01, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX280026.1
Zika virus isolate 103451, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX262887.1
Zika virus isolate ZKC2/2016, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX253996.1
Zika virus isolate Zika virus/Homo sapiens/COL/UF-1/2016, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX247646.1
Zika virus isolate MEX_I_7 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX247632.1
Zika virus strain ZIKV/Homo sapiens/PRI/PRVABC59/2015, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX087101.2
Zika virus strain ZIKV/Homo sapiens/PAN/BEI-259634_V4/2016, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX198135.1
Zika virus isolate ZIKV/H.sapiens/Brazil/PE243/2015, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX197192.1
Zika virus isolate Zika virus/CN/SZ02/2016 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX185891.1
Zika virus isolate ZIKVNL00013 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU937936.1
Zika virus strain ZIKV/Homo sapiens/PAN/CDC-259364_V1-V2/2015, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX156776.1
Zika virus strain ZIKV/Homo sapiens/PAN/CDC-259249_V1-V3/2015, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX156775.1
Zika virus strain ZIKV/Homo sapiens/PAN/CDC-259359_V1-V3/2015, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX156774.1
Zika virus isolate Bahia02, partial genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX101060.1
Zika virus isolate Zhejiang04, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX117076.1
Zika virus strain ZIKV/Homo sapiens/COL/FLR/2015, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX087102.1
Zika virus isolate Haiti/1/2016, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX051563.1
Zika virus isolate Zika virus/GZ02/2016 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KX056898.1
Zika virus strain Haiti/1225/2014, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU509998.3
Zika virus isolate SZ-WIV01 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU963796.1
Zika virus isolate Brazil/2016/INMI1 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU991811.1
Zika virus isolate Bahia07, partial genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU940228.1
Zika virus isolate Bahia08, partial genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU940227.1
Zika virus isolate Bahia09, partial genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU940224.1
Zika virus isolate Zika virus/H.sapiens-tc/KHM/2010/FSS13025, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU955593.1
Zika virus isolate Z16019 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU955590.1
Zika virus isolate Z16006 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU955589.1
Zika virus isolate FB-GWUH-2016, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU870645.1
Zika virus isolate Rio-S1, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU926310.1
Zika virus isolate Rio-U1, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU926309.1
Zika virus isolate MEX/InDRE/Sm/2016, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU922960.1
Zika virus isolate GZ01 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU820898.1
Zika virus isolate GD01 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU740184.2
Zika virus isolate Dominican Republic/2016/PD2, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU853013.1
Zika virus isolate Dominican Republic/2016/PD1, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU853012.1
Zika virus isolate ZJ03, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU820899.2
Zika virus isolate BeH823339 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU729217.2
Zika virus isolate BeH828305 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU729218.1
Zika virus isolate GDZ16001 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU761564.1
Zika virus isolate VE_Ganxian, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU744693.1
Zika virus isolate Brazil-ZKV2015, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU497555.1
Zika virus strain Natal RGN, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU527068.1
Zika virus isolate MEX/InDRE/14/2015 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU686218.1
Zika virus strain MRS_OPY_Martinique_PaRi_2015 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU647676.1
Zika virus strain 8375 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU501217.1
Zika virus strain 103344 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU501216.1
Zika virus strain PRVABC59, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU501215.1
Zika virus strain BeH819015 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU365778.1
Zika virus isolate Z1106031 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU312314.1
Zika virus isolate Z1106032 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU312313.1
Zika virus isolate Z1106033 polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU312312.1
Zika virus strain ZikaSPH2015, complete genome
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% KU321639.1
Zika virus gene for polyprotein, partial cds, strain: ZIKV Hu/Tahiti/01u/2014NIID
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% AB908162.1
Zika virus isolate FSS13025 polyprotein gene, partial cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% JN860885.1
Zika virus polyprotein gene, complete cds
172 172 100% 7e-40 100% EU545988.1
Zika virus isolate Zika virus/H.sapiens-tc/PHL/2012/CPC-0740, complete genome
171 171 98% 3e-39 100% KU681082.3
Zika virus isolate SSABR1, complete genome
171 171 98% 3e-39 100% KU707826.1
Zika virus strain BeH815744 polyprotein gene, complete cds
171 171 98% 3e-39 100% KU365780.1
Zika virus strain BeH819966 polyprotein gene, complete cds
171 171 98% 3e-39 100% KU365779.1
Zika virus strain BeH818995 polyprotein gene, complete cds
171 171 98% 3e-39 100% KU365777.1
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niman

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Common marmoset

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 
 
Common marmoset[1][2]
Weißbüschelaffe (Callithrix jacchus).jpg
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Callitrichidae
Genus: Callithrix
Species: C. jacchus
Binomial name
Callithrix jacchus
(Linnaeus, 1758)[4]
Callithrix jacchus distribution.svg
Geographic range
Synonyms
  • albicollis Spix, 1823
  • communis South, 1845
  • hapale Gray, 1870
  • leucotis Lesson, 1840
  • moschatus Kerr, 1792
  • rufus Fischer, 1829
  • vulgaris Humboldt, 1812

The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a New World monkey. It originally lived on the Northeastern coast of Brazil, in the states of Piaui, Paraiba, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco,Alagoas and Bahia.[5] Through release (both intentional and unintentional) of captive individuals, it has expanded its range since the 1920s to Southeast Brazil (its first sighting in the wild for Rio de Janeirowas in 1929) and became there an invasive species, raising concerns about genetic pollution of similar species, such as the buffy-tufted marmoset (Callithrix aurita), and predation upon bird nestlings and eggs.[6]

The whole-genome sequence of a female common marmoset was published on 20 July 2014.[7] It became the first New World Monkey to have its genome sequenced.[8]

 

 

Physical description and morphology[edit]

200px-Sahui-drawing.jpg
 
Drawing of a marmoset

Common marmosets are very small monkeys with relatively long tails. Males and females are of similar size with males being slightly larger. Males have an average height of 188 mm (7.40 in) and females have an average height of 185 mm (7.28 in). Males weigh 256 g (9.03 oz) on average and females weigh 236 g (8.32 oz) on average.[9] The pelage of the marmoset is multicolored, being sprinkled with brown, grey, and yellow. It also has white ear tufts and the tail is banded.a healthy marmoset Their faces have black across there nose area skin and have a white blaze on the forehead.[10]The coats of infants are brown and yellow coats with the ear tuft developing later.

As with other members of the genus Callithrix, the common marmosets have claw-like nails known as tegulaes on most of their fingers. Only their halluxes (big toes) have the flat nails or ungulaes that most other primates have.[11]Marmosets have an arboreal locomotion similar to squirrels. They can hang on to trees vertically and leap between them, as well as run across branches quadrupedally.[9][12] Tegulaes are an adaptation of this type of locomotion. Other Callithrix traits shared include enlarged, chisel-shaped incisors and specialized cecums for their diet.[9]

Range and ecology[edit]

Common marmosets are native only to east-central Brazil. They have been introduced into other areas and live within the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Buenos Aires, Argentina.[13] Marmosets can be found in a number of forest habitats. They live in Atlantic coastal forests as well as semi-deciduous forests farther inland. They can also inhabit savanna forests and riverine forests.[14] Marmosets are successful in dry secondary forests and edge habitats.[12]

250px-Common_marmoset_%28Callithrix_jacc
 
Common marmoset has white tufted-ears.

Diet[edit]

The common marmoset’s claw-like nails, incisor shape, and gut specialization reflect their unique diet which is primarily made of plant exudates and insects. Common marmosets feed on gum, sap, latex, and resin.[12][14] They use their nails to cling to the side of a tree and, with their long lower incisors, chew a hole in the tree.[15] The marmoset will then lick up the exudates or swoop them with the teeth.[16] 20-70% of the marmoset’s feeding behavior is made of eating exudates.[9][15]

Exudates provide marmosets with a reliable food source in the marmoset’s seasonal habitat. They rely on these foods particularly between January and April, when fruit is not abundant. A marmoset may visit a tree hole multiple times; including those made by other animals. In addition to exudates, insects also prove an important food source for marmosets, making 24-30% of their feeding time. The small size of the marmoset allows them to subsist on insects, as well as stalking and ambush them.[14] Marmosets will also eat fruits, seeds, flowers, fungi, nectar, snails, lizards, tree frogs, bird eggs, nestlings, and infant mammals.[16] It is possible that marmosets compete for fruit with birds, such as parrots and toucans, and with woolly opossums.[16]

Behavior[edit]

Social organization[edit]

Common marmosets live in stable extended families with only a few members allowed to breed.[17][18] A marmoset group can contain as many as 15 members, but a more typical number is nine.[16] A marmoset family usually contains 1-2 breeding females, a breeding male, their offspring and their adult relatives, be it their parents or siblings.[18] The females in a group tend to be closely related and males less so. Males do not mate with breeding females that they are related to. Marmosets may leave their natal groups when they become adults, in contrast to other primate species who leave at adolescence. Not much is known of the reasons marmosets leave their natal groups.[18] Family groups will fission into new groups when a breeding male dies.[19] Within the family groups, the breeding individuals tend to be more dominant. The breeding male and female tend to share dominance. However, between two breeding females, one is more dominant. In addition, the subordinate female is usually the daughter of the dominant one. For the other members, social rank is based on age.[17] Dominance is maintained though various behaviors, postures and vocalizations and subordinates will groom their superiors.[17]

250px-SAGUI-DE-TUFOS-BRANCOS.jpg
 
Two marmosets

Reproduction and parenting[edit]

Common marmosets have a complex mating system. It was thought that they were monogamous, however both polygamy and polyandry have also been observed.[17] Nevertheless, most matings are monogamous. Even in groups with two breeding females, the subordinate female often mates with males from other groups. Subordinate females usually do not give birth to fit offspring.[20]Nevertheless, mating with extra-group males may allow the female to find potential mates in the future. Females that mate successfully but lose their young move to other groups and may gain dominant breeding positions.[20]

The breeding individuals in a group need the other members to help raise their young. Thus the pair will behaviorally and physiologically suppress the reproduction of the other members of the group.[21][22] Since these suppressed individuals are likely related to the breeding pair, they have an incentive to care for the young as they share genes with them.[22] In addition, the presence of a related male affects female ovulation. Laboratory studies have shown that female ovulation does not occur when their fathers are around, but does occur when an unrelated male is there instead. They will also display aggressive behavior towards their mothers,[22] possibly to displace them.

When conditions are right for them to breed, adult females breed regularly for the rest of their lives. Females flick their tongues at males to solicit mating. The gestation period lasts for five months, and females are ready to breed again around ten days after giving birth. There are five months in between each parturition and they give birth twice a year.[16] Marmosets commonly give birth to two non-identical twins. Because of this, females are under stress during pregnancy and lactation, and need help from the other members of the family.[12][16] Infant marmosets instinctively cling to their mothers back and do not voluntarily let go for the first two weeks. After that, they become very active and explore their environment.[16] The breeding male (likely the father) will begin handling the twins, and all members of the family will care for them.[23] In the following weeks, the young spend less time on their mother’s back and more time moving around and playing.[16] Infants are weaned at three months. At five months they enter their juvenile stage. At this time, they have more interactions with family members other than their parents, and there is rough play for to establish their future status. Another set of infants may be born and the previous young will carry and play with them.[23] Marmosets become sub-adults between nine and 14 months, act like adult and go through puberty. At 15 months, they reach adult size and are sexually mature but can not breed until they are dominant.[23]

Communication[edit]

250px-Wei%C3%9Fb%C3%BCschelaffen_2009_Ha
 
Common Marmoset in Zoo Hannover, Germany

Common marmosets employ a number of vocal and visual communications. To signal alarm, aggression, and submission, marmosets use the "partial open mouth stare," "frown," and "slit-stare", respectively. To display fear or submission, marmosets flatten their ear-tufts close to their heads.[16] Marmosets have two alarm calls: a series of repeating calls that get higher with each call, known as "staccatos"; and short trickling calls given either intermittently or repeatedly. These are called "tsiks". Marmoset alarm calls tend to be short and high-pitched.[19] Marmosets monitor and locate group members with vibrato-like low-pitched generic calls called "trills".[24] Marmosets also employ "phees" which are whistle-like generic calls. These serve to attract mates, keep groups together, defend territories, and locate missing group members.[24] Marmosets will use scent gland on their chests and anogenital regions to mark objects. These are meant to communicate social and reproductive status.[16]

Status[edit]

The common marmoset remains an abundant species and are not currently threatened. Nevertheless, its habitat had been degraded at a large rate, with around 67% of the cerrado region cleared for human use in the 1990s and around 80% cleared for cultivation more recently.[25] In addition, marmosets are captured and traded as pets. Though popular as pets, they become difficult to control as they get older and are thus abandoned or killed.[26] Common marmosets have also been used for medical experiments. They are used as such in Europe more so than in the United States, and are the most common non-human primates to be experimented on.[27] They are used as model organisms in areas of research such as teratology, periodontal disease, reproduction, immunology, endocrinology, obesity, and aging.[27][28]

Genome[edit]

The genome of a female marmoset was published in 2014. It became the first non-human primate, among the New World Monkeys, to have its complete genome sequenced.[8] The genome size is 2.26 Gb, and contains 21,168 genes.[7] Segmental duplications added a total of 138 Mb of non-redundant sequences (4.7% of the whole genome), slightly less than observed in human[29][30] or chimpanzee (~5%),[31] but more than in orangutan (3.8%).[32]

References[edit]

  1. Jump up^ Groves, C.P. (2005). Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M., eds. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 131.OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
  2. Jump up^ Rylands AB & Mittermeier RA (2009). "The Diversity of the New World Primates (Platyrrhini)". In Garber PA, Estrada A, Bicca-Marques JC, Heymann EW & Strier KB. South American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation. Springer. pp. 23–54. ISBN 978-0-387-78704-6.
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