H5N8 In Croatia Swans Distinct From Tyva Outbreak NOT

[niman]

On November 4 an H5N8 warning was issued by FAO, citing a summer outbreak of H5N8 at Uvs Lake on the Mongolia / Siberian border and initial reports of H5N8 in India and Hungary (and three OI reports were published from these two countries on the same day.  OIE were subsequently released for outbreaks in Poland, 2 more outbreaks in India, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Croatia.

Sequences from the Tyva outbreak were released at GISAID (6 sequences from 5 species) and all had a poly-basic cleavage site of REKRRKR and were clade 2.3.4.4 (but distinct from the H5N8 sequences in Europe, Japan / South Korea, and North America (H5N1, H5N2, H5N8 in United States and Canada).

However, the OIE report filed on 11/10/16 by Croatia notes that the poly-basic cleavage site in H5N8 in mute swans was RERRRKR signaling a lineage distinct from Tyva outbreak.

 

Edited November 24, 2016 by niman

[niman]

Approximately ten swans died on the river Bidj but only two of them were available for laboratory testing. Organ samples were taken and submitted on 31 October to the Poultry centre of the Croatian Veterinary Institute. Avian influenza - subtype H5N8 was isolated. Nucleotide sequencing at the cleavage site of the hemagglutinin (HA) of the isolate revealed the multiple basic amino acid sequence "RERRRKR/GLF", which is consistent with highly pathogenic avian influenza.

http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=21481

[niman]

Highly pathogenic avian influenza, Croatia

Information received on 10/11/2016 from Dr Tomislav Kiš, Assistant to Minister, Veterinary and Food Safety Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia

Summary

Report type	Immediate notification
Date of start of the event	30/10/2016
Date of confirmation of the event	09/11/2016
Report date	10/11/2016
Date submitted to OIE	10/11/2016
Reason for notification	New strain of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent	Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype	H5N8
Nature of diagnosis	Laboratory (basic), Laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to	a defined zone within the country

New outbreaks (1)

Outbreak 1	River Bidj, Cerje, Županja, VUKOVARSKO-SRIJEMSKA
Date of start of the outbreak	30/10/2016
Outbreak status	Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit	Village
Affected animals	Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered Mute Swan:Cygnus olor(Anatidae)   10 10 0 0

Summary of outbreaks	Total outbreaks: 1
Total animals affected	Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered Mute Swan:Cygnus olor(Anatidae)   10 10 0 0
Outbreak statistics	Species Apparent morbidity rate Apparent mortality rate Apparent case fatality rate Proportion susceptible animals lost* Mute Swan:Cygnus olor(Anatidae) ** ** 100.00% **
*Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter
**Not calculated because of missing information

Epidemiology

Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection

Unknown or inconclusive

Epidemiological comments

Approximately ten swans died on the river Bidj but only two of them were available for laboratory testing. Organ samples were taken and submitted on 31 October to the Poultry centre of the Croatian Veterinary Institute. Avian influenza - subtype H5N8 was isolated. Nucleotide sequencing at the cleavage site of the hemagglutinin (HA) of the isolate revealed the multiple basic amino acid sequence "RERRRKR/GLF", which is consistent with highly pathogenic avian influenza.

Control measures

Measures applied	Vaccination prohibited No treatment of affected animals
Measures to be applied	No other measures

Diagnostic test results

Laboratory name and type	Species	Test	Test date	Result
Croatian Veterinary Institute- Poultry Centre (National laboratory)	Mute Swan	reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	09/11/2016	Positive

Future Reporting

The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

Map of outbreak locations

[niman]

[niman]

Map Update

https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?hl=en&hl=en&authuser=0&authuser=0&mid=1aNOepBDPUd0zdRnQE1UbSW8djsk&ll=46.39727358429026%2C11.468740940074895&z=5

[niman]

On 11/11/2016 at 5:24 AM, niman said:

On November 4 an H5N8 warning was issued by FAO, citing a summer outbreak of H5N8 at Uvs Lake on the Mongolia / Siberian border and initial reports of H5N8 in India and Hungary (and three OI reports were published from these two countries on the same day.  OIE were subsequently released for outbreaks in Poland, 2 more outbreaks in India, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Croatia.

Sequences from the Tyva outbreak were released at GISAID (6 sequences from 5 species) and all had a poly-basic cleavage site of REKRRKR and were clade 2.3.4.4 (but distinct from the H5N8 sequences in Europe, Japan / South Korea, and North America (H5N1, H5N2, H5N8 in United States and Canada).

However, the OIE report filed on 11/10/16 by Croatia notes that the poly-basic cleavage site in H5N8 in mute swans was RERRRKR signaling a lineage distinct from Tyva outbreak.

 

Two sets of H5N8 sequences from Mute Swans in Croatia have an REKRRKR cleavage site and are related to the Uvs Lake strain.