Adressing alveolar gas exchange disruption in COVID-19

[Christer Svensson]

As a comment  and inquiry 

refering to this and earlier articles regarding pulmonary autopsy of COVID-19 patients showing obstructed alveoli

https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1181121.shtml

 

Background

It is suported by forensic autopsies that alveoli are blocked from effective gas exchange by the formation of mucus in COVID 19

and if I recall correctly other articles mention fibrinous plack formation in SARS hindering oxygen and carbon dioxide perfusion through

the semipermeable membrane of the alveoli.

 

 

A mucolytic treatment strategy

For this reason it would in theory  be valuable to be able to apply

mucus and fibrin  solvents "anticoagulants" for coagulatory complexes eg. fibrin and 

enzymes e.g. [amylase for splitting up mucus carbohydrates]  etc. along the air path side to the alveoli

 

[Non mebrane crossing Von vilibrandt factor antagonists] perhaps also on the airway side for solving mucus if extant

if and only if these anticoagulants and enzymes, were of a kind that do not cross a semipermeable membrane.

For instance [a non membrane crossing modified heparin like molecule ...] Something for Big Pharma to work on.

also in conjunction with 

[ an aerosol mucal solvent treatment ]

the manipulation of patient position utilising gravity to empty the visceral pleural sacs of disolved excess mucus fluid.

as a hypothetical treatment strategy with the added benefit of bringing more blood and therefore also oxygen to the brain of a patient.

Mucus hypersecretionEdit

"In the lower respiratory tract excessive mucus production in the bronchi and bronchioles is known as mucus hypersecretion.^[10] Chronic mucus hypersecretion results in the chronic productive cough of chronic bronchitis,^[15] and is generally synonomous with this.^[16] Excess mucus can narrow the airways, limit airflow, and accelerate a decline in lung function.^[10]"  wikipedia

 

Regarding  glycoproteins such as lactoferrin^[1] 

"Binding of biotin-heparin to immobilized lactoferrin"

The lactoferrin -heparin interaction may perhaps contribute to incresing mucus viscosity that may interfere with gas perfusion ?

 

 

https://respiratory-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12931-019-1239-z

 

 

 

 

[Christer Svensson]

 

The linked article: presents "clinical observations" showing a correlation between high BP and complication risks in COVID-19

""Of a group of 170 patients who died in January in Wuhan - the first wave of casualties caused by a pathogen that's now raced around the world

- nearly half had hypertension."That's a very high ratio," said Du Bin, director of the intensive care unit at Peking Union Medical College Hospital,""

 

https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/coronavirus-doctor-says-high-blood-pressure-a-major-death-risk-1.1583772143148

 

As a comment on implications of the above finding: 

it is known that the elderly are higher in BP

and lower in androgens than the general  the adult population.

Also COVID-19 seems to affect men more severely than women

 

Regarding BP:

Conclusions: 

Bloodpressure regulating effect of androgens is largely missing in the elderly.

▪ "The vasorelaxation induced by androgens is mainly mediated by blocking L-VOCCs" 

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07435800.2018.1448868?journalCode=ierc20

 

Regarding Low androgens:

 

Hypothesis:

The immunosupressive effect of "DHT absence", in  elderly males due to low levels being produced has effect on COVID-19 prognosis

"A number of studies have found strong correlations between low testosterone and elevated numbers of B cells (75–79), and high testosterone levels in men correlates with poorer antibody responses to vaccination (80), suggesting that androgens inhibit B lymphopoiesis."

It is also known that androgens e.g  DHT   supress the B-Cell count in males" 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5932344/

 

Measures

Since B cells  are capable of producing cytokines:

Elevated Cytokine levels may possibly be reduced by

DHT suplementation e.g. testosterone patch.

Thus the medical community needs to study and evaluate and perhaps consider

the role of androgen supplementation in the treatment of COVID-19

 

 

 

[Christer Svensson]

The usefullness of Chloroquinine Phosphate + Zink is under investigation in the context of Corona virus

▪ Zink plus "the iononophore" chloroquine diphosphate may

block the viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase

 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4182877/

 

▪ Chloroquine diphosphate

 

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=U7F1cnWup9M

[Christer Svensson]

https://www.bidmc.org/about-bidmc/news/2020/04/covid-19-anti-clotting-medication  

[Christer Svensson]

http://web.archive.org/web/20200405061401/https://medium.com/@agaiziunas/covid-19-had-us-all-fooled-but-now-we-might-have-finally-found-its-secret-91182386efcb