niman

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Zika virus cases in Canada, as of March 17, 2016 http://www.healthycanadians.gc.ca/diseases-conditions-maladies-affections/disease-maladie/zika-virus/surveillance-eng.php?id=zikacases#s1 CountryLocally acquiredTravel-relatedCanada030

Zika virus cases in Canada, as of March 17, 2016CountryLocally acquiredTravel-relatedCanada030

http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6510md.htm?s_cid=mm6510md_w TABLE I. Provisional* cases of selected† infrequently reported notifiable diseases (<1,000 cases reported during the preceding year) — United States, week ending March 12, 2016 (10th week) (Export data) Disease Current week Cum 2016 5-year weekly average§ Total cases reported for previous years States reporting cases during current week (No.) 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 Anthrax — — — — — — — 1 Arboviral diseases¶,**: Chikungunya virus†† — 7 — 774 NN NN NN NN Eastern equine encephalitis virus — — 0 6 8 8 15 4 Jamestown Canyon virus§§ — — — 8 11 22 2 3 La Crosse virus§§ — — — 52 80 85 78 130 Powassan virus — — — 6 8 12 7 16 St. Louis encephalitis virus — — — 19 10 1 3 6 Western equine encephalitis virus — — — — — — — — Zika virus¶¶ 2 209 — 33 NN NN NN NN NY (1), KY (1)

Tonight at 10 PM EDT Dr. Henry L. Niman, PhDMutated Zika Racing Around World

Abstract 1.(1) A description is given of the adaptation to mice of two strains of Zika virus. Zika is the name of a forest area near Entebbe, Uganda, where both strains of virus were isolated. One of the strains was isolated from a pyrexial rhesus monkey which was being employed as a yellow fever sentinel and the other was obtained from a batch of A. africanus. 2.(2) The signs of infection in mice are described. While mice of all ages tested are susceptible to intracerebral inoculations with Zika mouse brain virus, mice of 2 weeks of age and over can rarely be infected by the intraperitoneal route. Mice younger than 2 weeks are highly susceptible to intraperitoneal inoculation of the virus. 3.(3) Zika virus is highly neurotropic in mice and no virus has been recovered from tissues other than the brains of infected mice. 4.(4) Cotton-rats, guineapigs and rabbits show no clinical signs of infection after intracerebral inoculation of late passage mouse brain virus. 5.(5) Monkeys develop an inapparent infection after subcutaneous inoculation with mouse brain virus. After intracerebral inoculation one of five monkeys showed a mild pyrexia, the others showed no signs of infection. Viraemia during the first week after inoculation has been found in all monkeys tested and antibody has been demonstrated by the 14th day after inoculation. 6.(6) Of 99 human sera tested, 6 (6.1 per cent.)-have neutralized more than 100 LD50of virus. Antibody has also been found in the serum of one of 15 wild monkeys tested. 7.(7) The size of Zika virus is estimated to eb in the region of 30 to 45 mμ in diameter. The virus may be preserved up to 6 months in 50 per cent. glycerol and up to 30 months after drying. It is susceptible to anaesthetic ether and the thermal death point is 58°C. for 30 minutes. 8.(8) Neuronal degeneration, cellular infiltration and areas of softening are present in infected mouse brains. Cowdry type A inclusion bodies have been found, particularly in the brains of young mice showing extensive lesions. ☆It will be recalled that the term sentinel monkey has been used for monkeys held captive in the canopy of trees in forests in Uganda for the purpose of indicating foci of sylvan yellow fever activity. Copyright © 1952 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and HygieneVolume 46, Issue 5, September 1952, Pages 521–534 Communication Zika virus (II). Pathogenicity and physical properties ☆G.W.A Dick Show moreChoose an option to locate/access this article: doi:10.1016/0035-9203(52)90043-6 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0035920352900436

Zika Virus – March 17, 2016 Texas has had 23 confirmed cases of Zika virus disease. 22 were in travelers who were infected abroad and diagnosed after they returned home. One case involved a Dallas County resident who had sexual contact with someone who acquired the Zika infection while traveling abroad. Case counts by county: Bexar – 3Dallas – 4Fort Bend – 1Harris – 10Tarrant – 3Travis - 2

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Zika Virus UpdateAs of Thursday, March 17, VDH has reported 7 cases of Zika virus disease in Virginia residents to the CDC (2 in Northwest Region, 2 in Northern Region, 1 in Eastern Region, 1 in Central Region and 1 in Southwest Region). http://www.vdh.virginia.gov/

Zika Virus UpdateAs of Thursday, March 17, VDH has reported 7 cases of Zika virus disease in Virginia residents to the CDC (2 in Northwest Region, 2 in Northern Region, 1 in Eastern Region, 1 in Central Region and 1 in Southwest Region).

Zika Virus InformationAs of March 16, 2016 there are no confirmed cases of Zika virus in South Carolina.

Medical sleuths descend on Puerto Rico to unearth mysteries of ZikaTwitterFacebookLinkedInEmailPrintERIKA P. RODRIGUEZ FOR STAT Joan Kenney, right, a microbiologist, selects mosquitoes to test the effectiveness of different insecticides at the CDC dengue branch in San Juan. By HELEN BRANSWELL @HelenBranswell MARCH 15, 2016 SAN JUAN — Hordes of American scientists and health officials have descended on Brazil since the Zika epidemic first emerged there last year. But it’s here, in this island territory, where leading disease researchers from the US government can really throw the weight of all their resources on the problem. Puerto Rico is, in some respects, a massive Zika laboratory. A very active one. “We have many questions that have a very urgent public health need to be answered,” said Tyler Sharp, acting head epidemiologist at the CDC’s dengue branch, which is based in San Juan. “We would much prefer to not have to ask them. But they need to be asked.” Nearly 100 CDC scientists are in the territory now focused on the Zika response. Some work at the dengue branch; others have been brought in from CDC headquarters in Atlanta or from the Arboviral Disease Branch in Fort Collins, Colo. Microbiologist Joan Kenney was one of those who flew in from Colorado. She and her colleagues are testing insecticides, trying to see which ones are still effective against the island’s ubiquitous mosquitoes. READ MOREZika-carrying mosquitoes developing resistance to top insecticideThe need to figure out what will fend off Aedes mosquitoes here is critical. Puerto Rico sees an estimated 33,000 live births a year — and a lot of women could be exposed to the Zika virus while they are pregnant. “I’m very concerned that before the year is out, there could be hundreds of thousands of Zika infections in Puerto Rico and thousands of infected pregnant women,” CDC Director Dr. Tom Frieden, who recently traveled to Puerto Rico, said during a teleconference late last week. ERIKA P. RODRIGUEZ FOR STAT Maria Elena Malaret, a nutritionist and dietitian, explains the Zika virus to Julimar Rivera, left, who is four months pregnant, and her friend Alexandra Ayala. Regina Simeone, an epidemiologist with the CDC’s National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, is working with counterparts in Puerto Rico’s department of health to set up a registry of pregnant women who have been infected with the Zika virus. To date, 21 pregnant women are known to have contracted the virus, the health department said Friday in its weekly release of Zika statistics. When pregnant women test positive for the virus, they are referred for ultrasound tests. According to Sharp, “We have not heard of any abnormal findings by ultrasound yet.” The idea behind the registry, Simeone told STAT, is to mine the medical records of infected women to glean as much information as possible about their pre-pregnancy health and the health at birth of any previous children. Then, the health of mothers and children born to them will be followed forward. Studying these mother-infant pairs should shed light on what Zika infection in pregnancy can provoke, in terms of birth defects, and how often they occur. For instance, it may indicate how frequently stillbirths happen after Zika infection. “In terms of pregnant women, we think we can answer many — maybe not all — but many of the questions that we may have about microcephaly, relative risk, those sorts of things,” said Sharp. The island’s strong health care system and CDC’s partnership with the health department will assist in the effort, he noted. READ MOREIn Puerto Rico, no one fears mosquitoes. With Zika, that’s a problemAnother CDC study will aim to answer key questions about how long people who are infected with Zika continue to emit the virus in body fluids. People who have contracted Zika and who agree to take part in the study will be asked to give a variety of body fluids at various times after they first became sick. Saliva, urine, semen, and vaginal secretions will all be tested to see if diagnostic tests that use each fluid work better than the current approach, testing blood. It’s already thought the virus is found only briefly in blood but lingers longer in urine and saliva. Sharp said semen and vaginal secretions will also be studied to get a better handle on how big a role sexual transmission plays in the spread of Zika. And the researchers won’t merely look for traces of Zika, but actual infectious copies of the virus. Traces — or what is known as “defective interfering particles” — can’t pass on infection. Only whole, live viruses can. The outbreak in Puerto Rico should additionally offer insights into the suspected link between Zika infections and Guillain-Barré syndrome, a form of progressive paralysis that is normally temporary. Puerto Rico has reported only one case of Guillain-Barré in a Zika patient, to date. But a large outbreak could bring many more. ERIKA P. RODRIGUEZ FOR STAT Educational material about the Zika virus at a San Juan mall. French Polynesia reported a twentyfold increase in the prevalence of Guillain-Barré in 2013-14 during a major Zika outbreak there. Nine countries or territories have reported either an increase in cases linked to Zika outbreaks or Guillain-Barré in people who have tested positive for the virus. In some cases, the phenomenon has been studied retrospectively, looking backward after the fact. But the plan in Puerto Rico is to quickly identify any patients with Guillain-Barré and follow them in real time to hopefully pin down whether Zika infection is responsible. Other work planned for Puerto Rico includes trying to figure out how best to help people here combat Zika. Frieden said it is clear that before any programs can be rolled out on a large scale, they need to be piloted first. For instance, there have been discussions about whether to offer to install screens on the homes of pregnant women; many dwellings in Puerto Rico do not have them. A recent pilot test revealed what seems like a simple — if not cheap — way to protect pregnant women may not be so easy to put into operation. Some people didn’t want screens because of the perception they obstruct the breezes that cool homes, Frieden said. Others, he noted, have open eaves, in which case screens on the windows “would have little or no impact.” Subscribe to our Zika updatesEMAIL ADDRESS Helen Branswell can be reached at [email protected] Follow Helen on Twitter @HelenBranswell https://www.statnews.com/2016/03/15/puerto-rico-zika-cdc/

Disease Total cases reported for previous years Current weekCum 20165-year weekly average§20152014201320122011States reporting cases during current week (No.10) Zika virus ¶¶2209-33NNNNNNNNNY (1 ), KY (1 ) ¶¶ This table does not include cases from the U.S. territories. There may be some delay between identification of a case and reporting to CDC. All cases reported are travel related. Office of Management and Budget approval of the NNDSS Revision #0920-0728 on January 21, 2016, authorized CDC to receive data for these conditions. CDC is in the process of soliciting data for these conditions.

Week 10 MMWR increases the Zika 2015/2016 total to 242. http://wonder.cdc.gov/mmwr/mmwr_2016.asp?mmwr_year=2016&mmwr_week=10&mmwr_table=1&request=Submit&mmwr_location=

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March 16, 2016 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH DAILY ZIKA UPDATE: NO NEW CASES Contact:Communications [email protected](850) 245-4111 Tallahassee, Fla.—In an effort to keep Florida residents and visitors safe and aware about the status of the Zika virus, the Florida Department of Health will issue a Zika virus update each week day at 2 p.m. Updates will include a CDC-confirmed Zika case count by county and information to better keep Floridians prepared. There are no new cases today. Of the cases confirmed in Florida, three cases are still exhibiting symptoms. According to the CDC, symptoms associated with the Zika virus last between seven to 10 days. Today, Governor Rick Scott announced that the CDC will host a second conference call with Florida health care workers - including OBGYNS, doctors and those who work with pregnant women - on the CDC’s most recent update and guidance regarding Zika. This is in response to Governor Scott’s request following news of a sexually transmitted case last week. The CDC call will take place tomorrow afternoon and the department has shared information with health care workers on how to participate. Based on CDC guidance, several pregnant women who have traveled to countries with local-transmission of Zika have received antibody testing, and of those, four have tested positive for the Zika virus. The CDC recommends that a pregnant woman with a history of Zika virus and her provider should consider additional ultrasounds. It is recommended that women who are pregnant or thinking of becoming pregnant postpone travel to Zika affected areas. County Number of Cases (all travel related) Alachua 1 Brevard 1 Broward 8 Hillsborough 3 Lee 3 Miami-Dade 30 Orange 4 Osceola 3 Polk 2 Santa Rosa 1 Seminole 1 St. Johns 1 Cases involving pregnant women* 4 Total 62 *Counties of pregnant women will not be shared. On Feb. 12, Governor Scott directed the State Surgeon General to activate a Zika Virus Information Hotline for current Florida residents and visitors, as well as anyone planning on traveling to Florida in the near future. The hotline, managed by the Department of Health, has assisted 1,070 callers since it launched. The number for the Zika Virus Information Hotline is 1-855-622-6735. All cases are travel-associated. There have been no locally-acquired cases of Zika in Florida. For more information on the Zika virus, click here. The department urges Floridians to drain standing water weekly, no matter how seemingly small. A couple drops of water in a bottle cap can be a breeding location for mosquitoes. Residents and visitors also need to use repellents when enjoying the Florida outdoors. More Information on DOH action on Zika: On Feb. 3, Governor Scott directed the State Surgeon General to issue a Declaration of Public Health Emergency for the counties of residents with travel-associated cases of Zika.The Declaration currently includes the 12 affected counties – Alachua, Brevard, Broward, Hillsborough, Lee, Miami-Dade, Orange, Osceola, Polk, Santa Rosa, Seminole and St. Johns – and will be updated as needed. DOH encourages Florida residents and visitors to protect themselves from all mosquito-borne illnesses by draining standing water; covering their skin with repellent and clothing; and covering windows with screens.DOH has a robust mosquito-borne illness surveillance system and is working with the CDC, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services and local county mosquito control boards to ensure that the proper precautions are being taken to protect Florida residents and visitors.Florida currently has the capacity to test 4,326 people for active Zika virus and 1,341 for Zika antibodies.Federal Guidance on Zika: According to the CDC, Zika illness is generally mild with a rash, fever and joint pain. CDC researchers are examining a possible link between the virus and harm to unborn babies exposed during pregnancy.The FDA released guidance regarding donor screening, deferral and product management to reduce the risk of transfusion-transmission of Zika virus. Additional information is available on the FDA website here.The CDC has put out guidance related to the sexual transmission of the Zika virus. This includes the CDC recommendation that if you have traveled to a country with local transmission of Zika you should abstain from unprotected sex.For more information on Zika virus, click here. About the Florida Department of Health The department works to protect, promote and improve the health of all people in Florida through integrated state, county and community efforts. Follow us on Twitter at @HealthyFla and on Facebook. For more information about the Florida Department of Health, please visit www.FloridaHealth.gov. http://www.floridahealth.gov/newsroom/2016/03/031616-zika-update.html

A girl with microcephaly and her mother in Brazil. Cape Verde has historical ties to the South American country where Zika is suspected to have caused birth defects. Photograph: Ueslei Marcelino/ReutersReuters in Praia Wednesday 16 March 2016 13.35 EDTLast modified on Wednesday 16 March 201614.04 EDT Share on PinterestShare on LinkedInShare on Google+Shares18 Save for laterCape Verde has identified its first case of the neurological disorder microcephaly thought to be linked to the Zika virus, in what would be a first for Africa. The ministry of health in the Atlantic Ocean archipelago state said a baby had been born at the main hospital in the capital, Praia, on 14 March to a woman who was not among more than 100 women being monitored for the mosquito-borne virus. Cape Verde, about 570km (350 miles) west of Senegal, has historical ties to Brazil, where an outbreak of Zika is suspected of causing a spike in birth defects. The World Health Organisation in February declared the virus an international public health emergency due to its link to the birth defects in Brazil. Authorities in west Africa are seeking to prepare the region’s defences in case of a spread of Zika but say countries are ill-equipped for another public health emergency following the Ebola epidemic that was first announced in March 2014. The Cape Verde government says more than 7,000 cases of Zika have been recorded since the beginning of the epidemic in October 2015, with heavier than normal rains last summer boosting mosquito numbers.

Microcephaly Case in Cape Verde possibly linked to Zika virusMinistry of health in country off west Africa says baby was born to woman not among those being monitored for virus http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/mar/16/cape-verde-reports-microcephaly-case-possibly-linked-to-zika-virus?CMP=twt_gu

On the Seasonal Occurrence and Abundance of the Zika Virus Vector Mosquito Aedes Aegypti in the Contiguous United Stateshttp://currents.plos.org/outbreaks/article/on-the-seasonal-occurrence-and-abundance-of-the-zika-virus-vector-mosquito-aedes-aegypti-in-the-contiguous-united-states/

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Press Release 16-027 Potential Zika virus risk estimated for 50 U.S. cities Weather, travel and poverty may facilitate summertime outbreaks Many U.S. cities face the prospect of increasing risks of Zika-carrying mosquitoes. Credit and Larger Version March 16, 2016 Factors that can combine to produce a Zika virus outbreak are expected to be present in a number of U.S. cities during peak summer months, new research shows. The Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is spreading the virus in much of Latin America and the Caribbean, will likely become increasingly abundant across much of the southern and eastern United States as the weather warms, according to a new study led by mosquito and disease experts at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado. Summertime weather conditions are favorable for populations of the mosquito along the East Coast as far north as New York City and across the southern tier of the country as far west as Phoenix and Los Angeles, according to specialized computer simulations by the researchers. Spring and fall conditions can support low to moderate populations of the Aedes aegypti mosquito in more southern regions of its U.S. range. Wintertime weather is too cold for the species outside southern Florida and southern Texas, the study found. By analyzing travel patterns from countries and territories with Zika outbreaks, the research team further concluded that cities in southern Florida and impoverished areas in southern Texas may be particularly vulnerable to local virus transmission. The results are published in the peer-reviewed journal PLOS Currents: Outbreaks. The research was funded by the National Institutes of Health, NASA, and the National Science Foundation (NSF), which is NCAR's sponsor, and was also co-authored by scientists at NASA, North Carolina State University, Maricopa County Environmental Services Vector Control Division, University of Arizona and Durham University. "This research highlights the complex set of human and environmental factors that determine whether a mosquito-borne disease is carried from one area to another, and how severely it affects different human populations," said Sarah Ruth, program director in NSF's Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences, which supports NCAR. "By integrating information on weather, travel patterns, mosquito biology and human behavior, the project team has improved our ability to forecast, deal with, and possibly even prevent future outbreaks of Zika and other serious diseases." Timing and location of possible outbreaks "This research can help us anticipate the timing and location of possible Zika virus outbreaks in certain U.S. cities," said NCAR scientist Andrew Monaghan, lead author of the study. "While there is much we still don't know about the dynamics of Zika virus transmission, understanding where the Aedes aegyptimosquito can survive in the U.S. and how its abundance fluctuates seasonally may help guide mosquito control efforts and public health preparedness." Added NCAR scientist Mary Hayden, a medical anthropologist and co-author of the study, "Even if the virus is transmitted here in the continental U.S., a quick response can reduce its impact." Although the study does not include a specific prediction for this year, the authors note that long-range forecasts for this summer point to a 40-45 percent chance of warmer-than-average temperatures over most of the continental United States. Monaghan said this could lead to increased suitability for Aedes aegypti in much of the South and East, although above-normal temperatures would be less favorable for the species in the hottest regions of Texas, Arizona and California. Monaghan stressed that even if Zika establishes a toehold in the mainland United States, it is unlikely to spread as widely as in Latin America and the Caribbean. This is partly because a higher percentage of Americans live and work in air-conditioned and largely sealed homes and offices. Spreading rapidly First identified in Uganda in 1947, the Zika virus has moved through tropical regions of the world over the past decade. It was introduced into Brazil last year and spread explosively across Latin America and the Caribbean, with more than 20 countries now facing pandemics. About 80 percent of infected people do not have significant symptoms, and most of the rest suffer relatively mild flu- or cold-like symptoms that generally clear up in about a week. However, scientists are investigating whether contracting the disease during pregnancy can lead to microcephaly, a rare birth defect characterized by an abnormally small head and brain damage. To determine the potential risk in the mainland United States, the research team ran two computer models that simulated the effect of meteorological conditions on a mosquito's entire lifecycle (egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages) in 50 cities in or near the known range of the species. Monaghan and several team members have studied Aedes aegypti for years because it also carries the viruses that cause dengue and chikungunya. Generally, the mosquitoes need warm and relatively stable temperatures, as well as water-filled containers such as buckets, barrels or tires, for their eggs to hatch. Once a mosquito bites an infected person, it also needs to live long enough—probably a week or more, depending on ambient temperatures—for the virus to travel from the mosquito's mid-gut to its salivary glands. Once in the saliva, the virus can then be transmitted if the mosquito bites another person. The study results show that, as springtime weather warms, the potential abundance of the mosquito begins to increase in April in the Southeast and in some Arizona cities. By June, nearly all of the 50 cities studied have the potential for at least low-to-moderate abundance, and most eastern cities are suitable for moderate-to-high abundance. Conditions become most suitable for mosquito populations in July, August and September, although the peak times vary by city. Weather conditions in southern and western cities remain suitable as late as November. Even some cities where the Aedes aegypti mosquito has not been detected, such as St. Louis and Denver, have suitable mid-summer weather conditions for the species if it were introduced via transport of used tires or other human activities, according to the computer models. The researchers stressed that additional factors outside the scope of the study could affect populations of the species, such as mosquito control efforts, competition with other mosquito species, and the extent to which eggs can survive in borderline temperatures. However, researchers know little about Aedes aegypti because they have not focused on observing the species in much of its U.S. range. The study noted that northern cities could become vulnerable if a related species of mosquito that is more tolerant of cold temperatures, Aedes albopictus, begins to carry the virus. Factoring in travel, poverty In addition to looking at meteorological conditions, the researchers studied two other key variables that could influence the potential for Zika outbreaks: travel from Zika-affected areas, and socioeconomic conditions in states that may face abundant mosquito populations. To analyze air travel, the team estimated the number of passengers arriving in U.S. cities on direct flights from airports in 22 Latin American countries and territories listed on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Zika travel advisory as of Jan. 29, 2016. Cities that had both high potential numbers of Aedes aegypti and a large volume of air travelers included Miami, Houston and Orlando. As the scientists were able to obtain passenger numbers for direct flights only, they could not estimate the number of passengers continuing on to smaller cities. They noted that the summertime peak in air travel coincides with the peak season in mosquito abundance. The study also estimated that nearly five times as many people cross the U.S.-Mexico border per month than arrive by air in all 50 cities. This could indicate a high potential for transmission in border areas from Texas to California, although the Zika virus has not been widely reported in northern Mexico. Those border areas, as well as other parts of the South where the mosquitoes are expected to be abundant, have a high percentage of households living below the poverty line, according to 2014 U.S. Census data analyzed by the research team. Lower-income residents can be more exposed to mosquito bites if they live in non-air conditioned houses or have torn or missing screens, enabling mosquitoes to enter homes more easily. However, Aedes aegypti populations tend to thrive in densely populated urban areas, and some of the most impoverished areas are rural. "The results of this study are a step toward providing information to the broader scientific and public health communities on the highest risk areas for Zika emergence in the United States," said Kacey Ernst, an epidemiologist at the University of Arizona and co-author of the study. "We hope that others will build on this work as more information becomes available. All areas with an environment suitable to the establishment of Aedes aegypti should be working to enhance surveillance strategies to monitor Aedes aegypti populations and human populations for disease emergence." -NSF- Media Contacts Cheryl Dybas, NSF, (703) 292-7734, [email protected] David Hosansky, NCAR, (303) 497-8611, [email protected] Related Websites NSF News: National Science Foundation issues call for Zika virus proposals: http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=137621& NSF Special Report: Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases: http://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/ecoinf/ NSF Discovery: Seeking Zika: Where and when will Zika-carrying mosquitoes strike next?:http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=137712 The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency that supports fundamental research and education across all fields of science and engineering. In fiscal year (FY) 2016, its budget is $7.5 billion. NSF funds reach all 50 states through grants to nearly 2,000 colleges, universities and other institutions. Each year, NSF receives more than 48,000 competitive proposals for funding and makes about 12,000 new funding awards. NSF also awards about $626 million in professional and service contracts yearly. Get News Updates by Email Useful NSF Web Sites: NSF Home Page: http://www.nsf.gov NSF News: http://www.nsf.gov/news/ For the News Media: http://www.nsf.gov/news/newsroom.jsp Science and Engineering Statistics:http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/ Awards Searches: http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/